When should TXA be administered after injury at the latest?

TXA, or tranexamic acid, is a medication used to help reduce bleeding in trauma patients. The timing of its administration is critical; it is most effective when given as soon as possible after the onset of traumatic hemorrhage. However, evidence from clinical trials suggests that TXA remains effective for up to three hours after the injury occurs.

Administering TXA within this timeframe can significantly reduce mortality associated with severe bleeding. The two-hour window often referenced is based on the point at which the maximum benefit is observed. Therefore, administering TXA within three hours after injury maximizes its potential to help control hemorrhage and improve outcomes for the patient.

In contrast, administering TXA after three hours may not yield the same effectiveness, which is why options representing earlier time frames, such as one hour and thirty minutes, serve to emphasize the urgent need for early intervention. Nevertheless, the three-hour mark captures the latest interval at which TXA can still confer benefits.