Which medications are recommended by CoTCCC for intranasal administration in the TFC setting?

The use of ketamine and naloxone for intranasal administration in the Tactical Combat Casualty Care (TCCC) setting is well-documented and aligns with current recommendations from the Committee on Tactical Combat Casualty Care (CoTCCC). Ketamine is an effective analgesic and anesthetic that can provide rapid pain relief, which is crucial in combat situations where timely management of pain can significantly affect a casualty's outcome. Its intranasal route ensures ease of administration, particularly in cases where IV access might be challenging or time-consuming.

Naloxone is included in this combination due to its vital role in reversing opioid overdoses, a risk heightened in combat medic contexts where trauma patients may have received opioids. Administering naloxone intranasally allows for rapid intervention in the event of respiratory depression or overdose.

The other options do not align with the current practices and recommendations primarily because they either involve less effective routes of administration or are not as suitable for the tactical environment where challenges such as time, access, and the need for rapid pain management are critical.