Which two indicators are considered the most reliable signs of shock?

The most reliable signs of shock are an altered mental status and a weak or absent radial pulse. An altered mental status indicates that there may be insufficient blood flow and oxygen delivery to the brain, which can occur during shock. This change in consciousness, ranging from confusion to responsiveness, serves as a critical indicator of inadequate perfusion.

Additionally, a weak or absent radial pulse suggests that the body is struggling to maintain adequate circulation to the extremities, often due to decreased blood volume or cardiac output associated with shock states. In shock, the body's compensatory mechanisms may fail, leading to either a reduced ability to pump blood effectively or a significant loss of blood volume.

The combination of these two signs—altered mental status and a weak or absent radial pulse—provides a clear indication of the severity of the condition, guiding the responder in prioritizing intervention efforts to stabilize the casualty.